nineteenth-century critics “to treat Shakespeare as Ibsen is 
more appropriately treated: they fastened upon his characters 
as if they were historical personages, examining their 
psychology. . . . There was no attempt to consider the 
historical anomaly by which a naturalistic drama could so 
quickly have arisen out of a conventional tradition.” (pp. 13­
14) In the same way Hollywood could rise quickly because it 
built on the nineteenth century novel.

The portability of the book, like that of the easel-painting, 
added much to the new cult of individualism.

*     Very arbitrarily we shall move on to a physical aspect of 
the printed book that contributed a great deal to individualism. 
I mean its portability. As easel painting deinstitutionalized 
pictures, so printing broke library monopoly. Moses Hadas